The formal charge = number of valence electrons of the atom - number of lone pair electrons of the atom - half the total number of electrons participating in covalent bonds with this atom
So you need to start by drawing the lewis structures of these molecules and consult a periodic table to find the group number so you know the valence number of electrons.
You can also subtract the number of valence electrons that are assigned to an atom in its bonded state from the number of valence electrons it has as a neutral free atom, the add up the formal charges for each atom.
This page may help show you some examples: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_char...
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